World World Nkhondo Yachimodzi
Kugwirizana kwa Mgwirizano Wopanga Nyumba Yapadziko Lonse Lonse Lonse Lonse Lonse Lomwe Ankachita Kupangana kwa Coviid-19
The Nenal Cornanavi Koma akusesa padziko lonse lapansi ladzetsa vuto la Coviid padziko lonse lapansi. The Nenan Coronavirus ilibe malire, palibe dziko lomwe lidzapulumuka ku nkhondoyi yolimbana ndi Covid-19. Poyankha Covic ili ndi mzake ya Commundege ya padziko lonse lapansi.
Dziko lathu silimayang'aniridwa ndi vuto lomwe silinachitikepo kale la mankhwala a Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) mliri. Mpaka pano, palibe mankhwala othandiza omwe amapezeka pochizira matendawa. Komabe, mayeso ambiri ozindikira akhazikitsidwa chifukwa chodziwika kuti covid-19. Mayeso awa amatengera njira zosinthira kapena kupemphera kuti adziwe kuti cornanavirus enieni acid kapena antibody biomarkers. Monga Covid-19 wafika pamtunda, kudziwira koyambirira kwa Neronavirus, ndi kukayikira kufalikira kwa kachilomboka ndikukhala ndi mayeso abwino kwambiri ogwirira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi sikulipo. Tiyenera kudziwa zomwe mayesero angagwiritsidwe ntchito powunikira, matenda, ndi kuwunikira matenda a covid-19, ndipo zofooka zawo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zida za sayansi ndikuthandizira kudziwa ndikuwongolera zikamera izi mofulumira komanso matenda oopsa.
Cholinga cha kupezeka kwa buku la Coronavirus ndikuwona ngati munthu wina yemwe ali ndi vuto la zopezeka-19 kapena chonyamulira cha Asymptotic kapena chopereka chakachetechete, kuti upereke chidziwitso chofunikira pakupanga chithandizo chamankhwala. Maphunziro apitawa awonetsa kuti 70% ya zisankho zamankhwala zimadalira zotsatira zoyeserera. Njira zofanizira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zofuna za kampani yoyeserera ndizosiyananso.
Chithunzi 1
Chithunzi1:Chithunzi chosonyeza magawo ofunikira a mitundu yonse ya Biomarker pa nthawi yomwe ili ndi kachilombo ka HVID-19. The X-axis imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa masiku matenda, ndipo y-axis imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa ma virus, ndende ya antigens, komanso kukhazikika kwa ma antibodies nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Antibody amatanthauza igm ndi ma antibodies. Kuzindikira kwa RT-PCR ndi kulembetsa kwa antigen kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kupezeka kwa kupezeka kwa Coronavirus, komwe ndi umboni wolunjika kwa kuwonekera kwa odekha. Pasanathe sabata limodzi la matenda a virus, kufufuza kwa PCR, kapena kuwunika kwa antigen kumakonda. Pambuyo pa New Coronavi Koma atadwala masiku pafupifupi 7, antibodnti othandizirana pamwambowo pang'onopang'ono amakwera m'magazi a wodwalayo, koma kutalika kwa kukhalako ndi kwakanthawi. Mosiyana ndi izi, mantibodnti othandizirana ndi kachilomboka amapezeka pambuyo pake, nthawi zambiri patatha masiku 14 atadwala kachilomboka. Kukula kwa zaka zambiri pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka, ndipo kumapitilira nthawi yayitali m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, ngati igm yapezeka m'magazi a wodwalayo, zikutanthauza kuti kachilomboka watenga kachilomboka, komwe ndi cholembera choyambirira. Pamene antibody imapezeka m'magazi a wodwalayo, zimatanthawuza kuti matendawa akhala nthawi yayitali. Amatchedwanso matenda mochedwa kapena matenda am'mbuyomu. Nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa mwa odwala omwe ali mu gawo lochiritsa.
The biomarkers corronavirus
The Nenan Coronavirus ndi virus RNA, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mapuloteni ndi ma acid acid. Kachilomboka kamalowa m'thupi la munthuyo (anthulo), amalowa maselo kudzera pamalo omanga Ace2, ndikubwereza m'ma cell olandila, ndikupangitsa chitetezo cha munthu chitetezo cham'manja ndikupanga ma antibodies ena. Chifukwa chake, ma acid a ma acid a nyual ndi ma antigens, ndi ma antibodies enieni otsutsana ndi wachulukiro wa Man Coronavirus angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati biomarkers pozindikira kuti cornanavirus. Kwa ma eleckic acid, ukadaulo wa rt-pcr ndiye wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pomwe njira zachinyengo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza za ma antibonavirus. Pakadali pano pali njira zingapo zoyeserera zomwe tingasankhe kuyesa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Covid.
Mfundo Zoyambira Za Njira Zoyeserera Zapadera za Coronavirus
Mayeso ambiri ozindikira a Covid_19 amapezeka pakadali pano, ndikuyesanso kuvomerezedwa kuvomerezedwa mwadzidzidzi pogwiritsa ntchito chilolezo chadzidzidzi tsiku lililonse. Ngakhale kuti zovuta zatsopanozi zikutuluka ndi mayina osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana ndi mapangidwe onse apa Covid_19 omwe amapezekanso matekinoloje awiri:
01. Kuzindikira Kwa Asiti Acid
Kusinthanitsa-polymease (rt-pcr), lopenga lokhala ndi Indoothermal, ndi njira yotsatira (ngs) njira zodziwika bwino za Crosavirus RNA. RT-PCR ndiye mtundu woyamba woyeserera kwa Covid-19, olimbikitsidwa ndi World Health Organisation (WHO) ndi Center Center kuwongolera matenda ndi kupewa (CDC).
02.
Antibody ndi protein yoteteza yomwe imapangidwa m'thupi la munthu poyankha matenda a virus. Igm ndi mtundu woyambirira wa antibod pomwe IGG ndi antibody wa pambuyo pake. Chitsanzo cha seramu kapena plasma nthawi zambiri chimayesedwa kuti akhalepo kwa igm ndi igg mitundu ya antibody kuti awonetse bwino kwambiri ndi matenda a covid-19. Njira zodziwika bwino zodzitchinjiriza ndi zonunkhira za colloidal Immunoromatography, momex kapena fluoresson micromepragraph, enzyme-yolumikizidwa immunorbent metay (Elisa), ndi mankhwalawa.
03.Vral Antigen Anterneon
Antigen ndi kapangidwe ka kachilomboka komwe kumadziwika ndi thupi laumunthu komwe kumapangitsa chitetezo chamthupi cha chitetezo cha chitetezo cha chitetezo cha chitetezo cha chitetezo cha chitetezocho kuti uchotse ma virus ndi minyewa. Antigen omwe alipo pa virus amatha kulongedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito Immunossay. Monga RNA, ma antigel a viral amapezekanso pakupumula kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire gawo lalikulu la covid-19. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kutola zonena zapamwamba monga malovu, nasopharyngeal swabs, orphacarngeal swabs, chifuwa cha broncholar.
Kusankha njira zoyesera za coronavirus
Kusankha njira yoyeserera kumakhudzanso zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuchipatala, kuyesa kuwongolera kwapadera, nthawi yoyeserera, ndalama zam'manja, malo ndi zithandizo. Kuzindikira kwa ma acid a ma acines a nuralc ndikupereka umboni mwachindunji za kukhalapo kwa ma virus ndikutsimikizira kuzindikira kwa matenda a Coronavirus. Ngakhale pali njira zambiri zodziwika bwino, chidwi chawo cha buku la Coronavirus ndichabwino kuposa cha RT-PCR Kukwezeka. Kuyesedwa kwa antibod ndiko kupezeka kwa ma antibodies a anti-virus omwe amapangidwa mu thupi la munthu, lomwe likugwira ntchito munthawi ndipo nthawi zambiri satha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira poyambira matenda a virus. Kukonzekera kwamankhwala kuzindikirika kumatha kusiyanasiyana, ndipo masamba zitsanzowa atha kukhala osiyananso. Chifukwa cha ma acid a ma acid a ma acid a nural a nuraction, zojambulazo ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mu kupuma komwe kalimi amapezeka, monga Nasopharyngeal Swabs, spitum, kapena bonsualvelor top. Pazonyansa za antibody, mawonekedwe a magazi akufunika kusonkhanitsidwa ndikuwunika kuti akhalepo kwa anti-virus antibody (igm / igg). Komabe, antibody ndi ma elecciic acid zotsatira zoyeserera zimatha kumalizana. Mwachitsanzo, zotsatira zoyeserera ndi acid acid, osavomerezeka, osalimbikitsa, zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti wodwalayo sanyamula kachilomboka, koma walandilidwa ku matenda a Coronavirus. [Chithunzi patsamba 2]
Ubwino ndi Zovuta Zapamwamba Zatsopano
Pa matenda ndi protocol ya mankhwala a coronavirus (oyeserera) Matenda a coronavirus, pomwe kuyesedwa kwa antifd kumawerengedwanso ngati njira imodzi yotsimikizira kuti mupeze njira yodziwira.
Zomwe zimapeza pathogenic ndi seroogical
. Ndizolondola kwambiri ngati ziganizo zimapezeka kuchokera kumayendedwe opumira (sputum kapena mpweya thirakiti). Zoyerekeza ziyenera kutumizidwa poyesa posachedwa posonkhanitsa.
. IGG imafika paudindo wa osachepera 4-nthiti pa Convales poyerekeza ndi gawo la pachimake.
Komabe, kusankha njira zoyeserera kumadalira malo, malamulo azachipatala, komanso makonda azachipatala. Ku USA, NIH idapereka coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) Malamulo a Chithandizo: Apri 21,2020) ndi a FDA ) Ndi ma antibodor omwe amayesedwa a serogical / igg osankhidwa ngati mayeso owonetsera.
Njira yazidziwitso ya nyukiliya acid
RT_PCR ndi mayeso omveka bwino a acid opangidwa kuti azindikire ngati kapena ayi Coronavirus RNA ilipo mu kupuma kapena fanizo lina. Zotsatira Zabwino PCR zikutanthauza kukhalapo kwa Neronavirus RNA mu zitsanzo kuti zitsimikizire kuti ali ndi kachiromboka. Zotsatira zoyipa za PCR sizitanthauza kuti palibe kusowa kwa kachilombo chifukwa imatha kukhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe osayenera kapena nthawi yovuta kapena yovuta nthawi yomwe idabwezedwa, etc. Ngakhale RT-PCR ndi mayeso owoneka bwino kwambiri, imakhala ndi zovuta zingapo. Kuyesedwa kwa RT-PCR kumatha kugwira ntchito molimbika komanso nthawi yambiri, kumadalira kwambiri zitsanzo zapamwamba. Izi zitha kukhala zovuta chifukwa kuchuluka kwa ma virus Rna kumasiyana mosiyanasiyana pakati pa odwala osiyanasiyana komanso amathanso kusiyanasiyana pakati pa odwala omwewo kutengera nthawi yomwe sayansi imatengedwa komanso matenda opatsirana. Kuzindikira kuti cornanavirus imafuna maganizidwe apamwamba omwe ali ndi RNA yokwanira ma virus.
Kuyeserera kwa RT-PCR kungapereke zotsatira zolakwika (zabodza) kwa odwala ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka 19. Monga tikudziwira, malo omwe amathandizira a Coronavirus amapezeka pa mapapa ndi kupuma thirakiti, monga alveoli ndi bronchi. Chifukwa chake, zonena za sputum kuchokera kutsokomola kapena chifuwa cha bronchorvemaral madzimadzi (balf) omwe amatengedwa kuti ali ndi chidwi chapamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, muchizolowezi zamankhwala, zitsanzo nthawi zambiri zimasonkhanitsidwa ku thirakiti yapamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito Nasopharyngeal kapena Orpharyngeal Swabs. Kutolera zonena izi sikuti ndizosavuta kwa odwala komanso kumafunikira ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa mwapadera. Kuti mupange zitsanzo zopanda pake kapena zosavuta, nthawi zina odwala angapatsidwe swab yamlomo ndipo amalola kuti atenge chitsanzo kuchokera ku mucosa mu mucosa kapena lilime limadzisintha. Popanda zokwanira RNA, RT-QPCR ikhoza kubweza zotsatira zoyipa zabodza. Ku Chigawo cha Hubei, China, RT-PCR Kuzindikira koyambirira kunanenedwa pafupifupi 30% -50%, pafupifupi 40%. Kuchuluka kwa zabodza kunali kochitikira kusakwanira.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa kwa RT-PCR kumafuna ogwira ntchito ophunzitsidwa bwino kwambiri kuti agwire bwino ntchito ya RNA ndi njira za PCR akukweza. Zimafunikiranso chitetezo chokwanira cha chitetezo cha bioshebhiffafhel, malo apadera a labotale, komanso chida chenicheni cha PC. Ku China, kuyesa kwa RT-PCR kwa Covid-19 kuyenera kuchitidwa mu biosfal proborator 2 laobories (BSL-2), ndi chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito muyezo wa Biosfal 3 (BSL-3). Pansi pa izi, kuyambira pa chiyambi cha Januware kuyambira pa February 2020, mphamvu ya CDC ya CDC idangozindikira zochitika zingapo patsiku. Nthawi zambiri, izi sizingakhale vuto poyesa matenda ena opatsirana. Komabe, pochita ndi mliri wolima padziko lonse lapansi monga anthu mamiliyoni ambiri kuti ayesedwe, RT-PCR amakhala nkhani yovuta chifukwa cha zomwe amafunikira pazinthu zapadera kapena zida zapamwamba. Zoyipa izi zimatha kuchepetsa RCR kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chida chothandiza poyang'ana, komanso zimatha kuchepetsedwa m'mawunjezo a zotsatira zake.
Njira ya Serloological Antibady
Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa matendawa, makamaka pakati pa magawo a pakati komanso mochedwa, kuchuluka kwa antibody kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri. Kafukufuku wa Suhan Central Eall adawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa antibody kumatha kufikira 90% mu sabata lachitatu la covid-matenda 19. Komanso, antibody ndi chopangidwa ndi chitetezo chamthupi cha Par Coronavis. Mayeso a antibody amapereka zabwino zambiri pa RT-PCR. Choyamba, ma antiological antiological amayesa zosavuta komanso mwachangu. Mayeso a antibodle a antibodle amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poloza ntchito kuti abweretse zotsatira za mphindi 15. Kachiwiri, chandamale chomwe chapezeka ndi chiyeso cha serologicalogical ndi antibody, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi okhazikika kwambiri kuposa RNA RNA. Pankhani yosonkhanitsa, mayendedwe, yosungirako ndi kuyezetsa, zonena za antibody nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhazikika kuposa zoyerekeza za Rt-PCR. Chachitatu, chifukwa antibody amagawidwanso m'magazi omwe amafalitsidwa magazi, pali njira yocheperako yofananira ndi mayeso a acidic acid. Buku la zitsanzo zofunika kuti mayeso a anti anti anti-antial ndi ochepa. Mwachitsanzo, mic 10 ya magazi amtundu wa chala ndikwanira kugwiritsa ntchito mayeso a antibodle.
Mwambiri, mayeso a anti anti-antibody amasankhidwa chifukwa chowonjezera cha zigawo za nucleic acid kuti athandize kwambiri buku la Coronavirus paphunziro la matendawa. Mayeso a antibody amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mayeso a nuclec acid, amatha kuwonjezera kulondola kwa covid19 pochepetsa zotsatira zabwino komanso zabodza. Buku la ntchito lomwe lili pano silikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zoyeserera mosiyana ngati mawonekedwe odziyimira pawokha koma iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtundu wophatikizika. [Chithunzi patsamba 2]
Chithunzi2:Kutanthauzira kolondola kwa nuclec acid ndi ma calibody kumapangitsa kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa matenda a coronavirus
Chithunzi 3:Kutsika kwa Bio®SARS-COV-2 igm / igg antibody mayeso mwachangu, FATX immunoromatography)
Chithunzi 4:Kutsika kwa bio-malonda co., ltd. - yamphamvu®New Coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) Purgyx Real PCR Cert (kuzindikira kwa majini atatu, njira yosinthira Fluorescent).
Zindikirani:Chovuta kwambiri cha PCR, chokonzekera PCR chikupezeka mu mtundu wa lyophilized (njira yowuma) yosungirako kwa nthawi yayitali. Kityi ikhoza kunyamulidwa ndikusungidwa mu kutentha kwa firiji ndipo imakhazikika chaka chimodzi. Chubu chilichonse cha premix chili ndi ma reagents onse ofunikira pa PCR Atalikidwe, kuphatikiza, kuphatikiza, alembedwe, ndi ma dnter pa chida cha PCR kuti muchepetse.
Poyankha zako za Coronavir Kupyola, kungotsala ndi mabio - ltd. wagwira ntchito mwachangu kuti mupange ma kilogalamu awiri ozindikira kwambiri kuti athandize kupeza thanzi labwino komanso matenda a anthu. Izi ndi zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zojambula zazikulu m'maiko ndi zigawo zomwe zachitika kuti Coronavirus zakupsa zikufalikira, komanso zopereka zidziwitso zam'magazi-19. Izi zikuluzikulu ndizongogwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mwachita mwadzidzidzi kugwiritsa ntchito chilolezo (peua). Kuyesa kumangokhala ndi ma laboratories otsimikizika pansi pa malamulo a mayiko kapena akuluakulu amderalo.
Njira ya Antigen
1. Kuzindikira kwa ma viral antigen kumatsimikizidwa m'gulu lomwelo la kupezeka mwachindunji ngati chizindikiritso cha acid acid. Njira zodziwikiratu zodziyang'anitsitsa zimayang'ana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu fanizoli ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda. Komabe, kukula kwa antigen kuzindikiritsa ma antiboclodies apamwamba kwambiri omwe ali ndi ubale wolimba komanso chidwi chachikulu chokhoza kuzindikira ndi kulanda ma virus pogesic. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga miyezi yopitilira isanu ndi umodzi kuti musankhe ndikukweza antibodnti ya monocloal yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pokonza zofufuza za antigen.
2. Pakadali pano, ma reagents azindikiritso mwachindunji ndi buku la Coronavirus akadali pansi pa kafukufuku komanso kafukufuku. Chifukwa chake, palibe Kigodi ya Antigen yodziwika yomwe yakhala yovomerezeka komanso yopezeka pa malonda. Ngakhale zinali zomwe zidanenedwa kale kuti shenzhen yayamba kulembetsa zida za ku Spain, zoyeserera ku Spain, kutsimikizika kwa ku Spain komanso kulondola sikungavomerezedwe chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zovuta zolimbitsa thupi. Mpaka pano, nmm (wakale china fda) sanavomereze zozindikira za antigen. Pomaliza, njira zosiyanasiyana zozindikiridwira. Njira iliyonse ili ndi maubwino ndi malire ake. Zotsatira zochokera njira zosiyanasiyana zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsimikizira komanso kukwaniritsa.
3. Kupanga mtundu wa mayeso oyeserera kwa Covid-19 kumadalira pakuthamangira pakufufuza ndi chitukuko. Kutsika kwa Bio-Product Co., LTD. Kuyesa Kits kumafunikira kuti tikwaniritse zomangamanga ndi miyezo yoyenera kuti muwonetsetse kuti amapereka magwiridwe antchito komanso kusasinthika. Asayansi ku Lio-Product Co., Ltd. adakumana ndi zaka makumi awiri popanga, kuyezetsa, ndikukonzanso matenda a Vitro Kits kuti awonetsetse kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kowunikira.
Pa nthawi ya Coviid-19, boma la China lomwe likukumana ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri popewa zida zopewera zinthu zamayiko akunja. Pa Epulo 5, pa msonkhano wa Assion Countl Jount CERTION ndikuwongolera kasamalidwe kazinthu zamankhwala ndikukhazikitsa dongosolo la msika wakutsogolo " Za malonda, anati, "Kenako, tikuyesetsa kuchita zambiri pazinthu ziwiri, choyamba, kuti tifulumize thandizo la anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, komanso, kukonzanso bwino, malamulo, ndi kasamalidwe ka zinthuzo. Tipanga zopereka za China kuti tikayankhe mogwirizana ndi mliri wapadziko lonse lapansi ndikumanga gulu lokhala ndi tsogolo logawana anthu.
Chithunzi 5:Kutsika kwa bio-malonda Co., Ltd.
Satifiketi yolemekezeka
Houshenshan
Chithunzi 6. Kungomaliza Bio-Produc CO., LTD. Othandizira a WTD Svalcan (Hoshenshan) chipatala cham'mapiri kuti akamenyane ndi mliri wa Cuvid. Chipatala cha Wuhan Valcan ndiye chipatala chodziwika bwino kwambiri ku China chomwe chimathandiza pochiza mphamvu ya Covid - odwala 19.
Monga momwe The Cornanavirus Dera imapitirirabe kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, mabatani omasulira a bio-malonda Co. Kuyesedwa mwachangu kwa matenda a Covid-19 ndi njira yovuta yothana ndi vutoli. Tikupitilizabe kuthandizanso m'njira yofunikira popereka nsanja zapamwamba kwambiri m'manja mwa ogwira ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi ogwira ntchito zathanzi kuti anthu azitha kulandira zomwe akufuna. Kuthamanga bio-malonda Co. Kuyesetsa kwa LTD. Pankhondo yolimbana ndi Covid-19 ndikupereka madera athu, zokumana nazo, komanso ukatswiri wamagulu apadziko lonse lapansi.
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Post Nthawi: Meyi-01-2020
